Le dollar de la Réserve fédérale, la FED au sceau en vert, une escroquerie “légale” mondiale.
Le dollar Kennedy, au sceau rouge, sans intérêts, pour le bien commun du monde entier.
Si vous en trouvez, gardez-les, ils ont une grande valeur.
Les Kennedy sont morts pour faire tomber nos chaînes financières.
La Réserve fédérale ( la FED ) a causé la Grande Dépression et elle est au cœur de toutes nos crises économiques actuelles.
Aucun des faits ci-dessous ne sont enseignés aux élèves dans les écoles aujourd’hui.
La version officielle est une version édulcorée de l’histoire américaine qui n’a même pas de sens. Comme pour tant de choses, si vous voulez savoir ce qui s’est réellement passé il suffit de suivre l’argent.
41 faits sur l’histoire des banques centrales aux États-Unis que chacun devrait savoir ….
# 1 À la suite de la guerre de Sept Ans avec la France, le roi George III d’Angleterre a été profondément endetté vis-à-vis à la banque centrale d’Angleterre qui est de fait une banque privée.
# 2 Dans une tentative d’augmenter les recettes, le roi George fortement tenté de taxer les colonies en Amérique.
# 3 En 1763, la Banque d’Angleterre a demandé à Benjamin Franklin pourquoi les colonies ont été si prospère, et ce fut sa réponse ….
“C’est simple. Dans les colonies, nous émettons notre propre argent. Il est appelé Colonial Scrip. Nous le problème en proportion adéquate aux demandes du commerce et de l’industrie pour fabriquer les produits passent facilement par les producteurs aux consommateurs.
De cette façon, créer pour nous-mêmes notre propre papier-monnaie, nous contrôlons son pouvoir d’achat, et nous n’avons aucun intérêt à payer pour les banquiers. ”
# 4 Le Loi sur la monnaie de 1764, a ordonné aux colons américains d’arrêter d’imprimer leur propre argent, les scrip coloniaux (l’argent que les colons utilisaient à l’époque) devait être remplacé dans un ratio de deux pour un pour «notes» de la Banque d’Angleterre.
# 5 Plus tard, dans son autobiographie, Benjamin Franklin a expliqué l’impact que ce changement de devise a eu sur les colonies ….
«En un an, les conditions étaient tellement inversé que l’ère de la prospérité a pris fin, et une dépression s’installe, à tel point que les rues des colonies étaient remplies de chômeurs.”
# 6 En fait, Benjamin Franklin a déclaré sans équivoque dans son autobiographie que le pouvoir d’émission monétaire a été la principale raison de la guerre d’Indépendance ….
«Les colonies auraient volontiers supporté l’impôt sur le thé et peu d’autres questions si elle n’avait pas été que l’Angleterre a enlevé les colonies leur argent, qui a créé le chômage et l’insatisfaction. L’incapacité des colons pour obtenir le pouvoir d’émettre leur propre argent de façon permanente. George III unis aux banquiers internationaux ont été la principale raison de la guerre révolutionnaire. ”
# 7 Gouverneur Morris, l’un des auteurs de la Constitution des États-Unis, nous a averti solennellement en 1787 que nous ne devons pas laisser les banquiers pour nous asservir ….
“Les riches vont s’efforcer d’établir leur domination et d’asservir le reste. Ils ont toujours fait. Ils seront toujours … Ils auront le même effet, ici comme ailleurs, si nous n’avons pas, par (la puissance du) gouvernement, les maintenir dans leur bon domaines. ”
# 8 Malheureusement, ceux qui nous alertent sur des dangers d’une banque centrale n’ ont pas prévalu. Après une tentative avortée de créer une banque centrale dans les années 1780, la première banque des Etats-Unis a été créé en 1791. Alexander Hamilton (qui avait des liens étroits avec la famille de banquiers Rothschild) ont conclu un accord en vertu duquel il appuiera le déménagement de la capitale nationale à Washington, en échange d’un soutien du Sud pour la mise en place d’une banque centrale.
# 9 George Washington a signé le projet de loi créant la première banque des Etats-Unis sur le 25 avril 1791. Elle a reçu une charte de 20 ans.
# 10 Au cours des cinq premières années de la première banque des Etats-Unis, le gouvernement américain emprunté 8,2 millions de dollars et les prix ont augmenté de 72 pour cent.
# 11 Les adversaires de la banque centrale ne sont pas heureux. En 1798, Thomas Jefferson a dit ce qui suit ….
«Je voudrais qu’il fût possible d’obtenir un seul amendement de notre Constitution -. Reprise du pouvoir d’emprunt par le gouvernement fédéral »
# 12 En 1811, la charte de la First Bank des États-Unis n’a pas été renouvelé.
# 13 Un an plus tard, la guerre de 1812 a éclaté. Les Britanniques et les Américains étaient de nouveau en guerre.
# 14 En 1814, les Britanniques ont pris et brûlé Washington DC, mais les Américains par la suite connu victoires importantes à New York et la Nouvelle-Orléans.
# 15 Le traité de Gand, officiellement fin à la guerre, a été ratifié par le Sénat américain le 16 Février 1815 et a été ratifiée par les Britanniques le 18 Février 1815.
# 16 En 1816, une autre banque centrale a été créée. La deuxième banque des Etats-Unis a été établi et a reçu une charte de 20 ans.
# 17 Andrew Jackson, devenu président en 1828, a été déterminé pour mettre fin à la puissance des banquiers centraux sur les États-Unis.
# 18 En fait, en 1832, le slogan d’Andrew Jackson réélection a été “JACKSON et aucune banque!”
# 19 Le Juillet 10th, 1832 Président Jackson a déclaré ce qui suit au sujet du danger d’une banque centrale ….
«Ce n’est pas seulement nos propres citoyens qui doivent recevoir la prime de notre gouvernement. Plus de huit millions d’actions de cette banque sont détenus par des étrangers … il n’y a pas de danger pour notre liberté et l’indépendance d’une banque qui a dans sa nature si peu à le lier à notre pays? … Contrôle de notre monnaie, recevoir nos deniers publics, et la détention des milliers de nos citoyens dans la dépendance … serait plus redoutable et dangereux d’une puissance militaire de l’ennemi. ”
# 20 En 1835, le président Jackson entièrement remboursé la dette nationale américaine. Il est le seul président des États-Unis qui ait jamais été en mesure d’atteindre cet objectif.
# 21 Le président Jackson s’est opposé à la tentative de renouvellement de la charte de la deuxième banque des Etats-Unis en 1836.
# 22 Richard Lawrence tenté de prendre la vie d’ Andrew Jackson, mais celui-ci a survécu. Il est allégué que Lawrence a dit qu’il l’avait fait pour «des gens riches en Europe».
# 23 La guerre civile a été une autre occasion pour les banquiers centraux de l’Europe de vivre aux crochets de l’ Amérique. En fait, il est affirmé que Abraham Lincoln a effectivement voulu contracter des emprunts à intérêts bancaires de la part des Rothschild en Europe dans le but de financer l’effort de guerre. Selon les témoignages, les Rothschild ont exigé des taux d’intérêt très élevés et Lincoln rechignaient alors à les payer.
# 24 Au lieu de cela, Lincoln poussé à travers la Loi de 1862 Legal Tender. En vertu de cette loi, le gouvernement américain a émis 449 338 902 $ d’argent libre de dette.
# 25 Cet argent libre de dette a été connu sous le nom “Greenbacks” en raison de l’encre verte qui a été utilisé.
# 26 Les banques centrales de l’Europe n’étaient pas contents. La citation suivante paru dans le Times de Londres en 1865 ….
“Si cette méchante politique financière, qui a son origine en Amérique du Nord, est devenu un risque pour le système de pouvoir actuel. Si le gouvernement fournit sa propre monnaie sans frais. Il paiera les dettes et sans dettes, il aura tout l’argent nécessaires pour exercer son commerce. Il deviendra prospère sans précédent dans l’histoire du monde. Le cerveau, et la richesse de tous les pays vont en Amérique du Nord. Ce pays doit être détruit ou il détruira toute monarchie sur le globe. ”
# 27 Abraham Lincoln a été abattu par John Wilkes Booth le 14 avril 1865.
# 28 Après la guerre civile, tout l’argent aux États-Unis a été créé par les banquiers qui ont acheté des obligations du gouvernement américain en échange de billets de banque.
# 29 James A. Garfield est devenu président en 1881, et il était un farouche opposant des pouvoirs bancaires. En 1881, il a déclaré ce qui suit ….
«Celui qui contrôle le volume d’argent dans notre pays est le maître absolu de toute l’industrie et le commerce … et quand vous réalisez que le système entier est très facilement contrôlé, d’une façon ou d’une autre, par quelques hommes puissants en haut, vous n’aurez pas vous faire dire comment les périodes d’inflation et la dépression se suivent. ”
# 30 Le président Garfield a été tué environ deux semaines plus tard par Charles J. Guiteau le 2 Juillet 1881. Il est mort de complications médicales le 19 Septembre 1881.
# 31 En 1906, le marché boursier américain a été submergé de toutes sortes de titres. Toutefois, en Mars 1907, le marché boursier américain s’est écrasé totalement. Il est allégué que l’élite banquiers de New York en étaient responsables.
# 32 En outre, en 1907, JP Morgan fait circuler des rumeurs qu’une importante banque avait fait faillite. Cela a provoqué une course massive de rappel des épargnes. À leur tour, les banques ont commencé à rappeler tous leurs prêts. La panique de 1907 a entraîné une enquête du Congrès qui a fini par conclure que la banque centrale était “nécessaire” pour que ce genre de panique ne se reproduise jamais.
# 33 Il a fallu quelques années, mais les banquiers internationaux finalement obtenu leur banque centrale en 1913.
# 34 Le Congrès a voté sur la Loi sur la Réserve fédérale le 22 Décembre 1913 entre 01h30 et 04h30.
# 35 Une partie importante du Congrès dormaient à ce moment ou étaient déjà sur le chemin de leur maison pour fêter Noël.
# 36 Le président qui a signé la loi qui a créé la Réserve fédérale, Woodrow Wilson, plus tard, il a beaucoup regretté la décision quand il a écrit ce qui suit ….
“Une grande nation industrielle est contrôlée par son système de crédit. Notre système de crédit est une société privée concentrée. La croissance de la nation, donc, et toutes nos activités sont entre les mains de quelques hommes … je suis venu à être l’une des pires situations, un des gouvernements les plus totalement contrôlés et dominés, dans le monde civilisé n’est plus un gouvernement par l’opinion libre, plus un gouvernement par conviction et le vote de la majorité, mais un gouvernement par l’opinion et les la contrainte de petits groupes d’hommes dominants. ”
# 37 Entre 1921 et 1929, la Réserve fédérale a augmenté l’offre de monnaie américaine de 62 pour cent. C’était l’époque connue sous le nom “Les folles années 20”.
# 38 En outre, fort effet de levier “des prêts sur marge” est devenu très commun au cours de cette période.
# 39 Octobre 1929, les banquiers de New York a commencé à appeler dans ces prêts sur marge à une échelle massive. Cela a créé l’accident initial qui a lancé la Grande Dépression.
# 40 plutôt que d’augmenter la masse monétaire en réponse à cette crise, la Réserve fédérale vraiment resserré les crédits, donc les masses monétaires.
# 41 En fait, il a été signalé que l’offre de monnaie américaine s’est contractée abruptement de plus de huit milliards de dollars entre 1929 et 1933. Ce qui était une extraordinaire quantité d’argent pour l’époque. Plus d’un tiers de toutes les banques américaines ont fait faillites. Les banquiers de New York ont été en mesure d’acheter d’autres banques et toutes sortes d’autres actifs pour des penny sur le dollar. J-F Kennedy a voulu changer tout ce système, il a été tué à Dallas et la première ordonnance du “Président” Johnson fût de détruire les dollars libres de Kennedy ( à voir ci-dessous ).
Nos élites sont-elles au courant de tout cela ?
Bien sûr que non.
En fait, il est exceptionnel qu’un étudiant puisse même expliquer de manière adéquate ce qu’est vraiment qu’ une banque centrale et une guerre des monnaies.
Nous avons perdu beaucoup de ce qui est important dans notre histoire.
Et vous savez que ceux qui oublient l’histoire sont condamnés à la répéter les mêmes erreurs encore et encore.
Il est absolument essentiel que nous apprenions ce qui se passe réellement dans notre système financier et pourquoi nous devons apporter des changements fondamentaux.
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Alternatives
Ce terrorisme financier fait déjà plus de victimes innocentes que . … Archbishop Concessao … ferraye.blogspot.com/2010_04_01_archive.html – En cache …
euroracket.blogspot.com/ – Pages similairesPlus de résultats au cours des dernières 24 heures
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Joseph & Michel Ferraye pour Sa Justice: Bush, un chef de meutes …
12 févr. 2011 … Ce terrorisme financier fait déjà plus de victimes innocentes que …. Vincent Concessao, developed on the subject he had mentioned at the . …
ferraye.blogspot.com/2011/02/bush-un-chef-de-meutes-secretes-qui.htmlPlus de résultats au cours des dernières 24 heures
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Caritas in Veritate Love in Truth
12 févr. 2011 … Ce terrorisme financier fait déjà plus de victimes innocentes que …. Vincent Concessao, developed on the subject he had mentioned at the . … Concessao … ferraye.blogspot.com/2010_04_01_archive.html – En cache …
caritas-in-veritate.blogspot.com/ – Pages similairesPlus de résultats au cours des dernières 24 heures
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Veritas in Caritate: Dieu avant l’argent. La dictature des …
29 avr. 2010 … Prudence avec les terroristes financiers qui produisent tous les autres … http://ferraye.blogspot.com/2008/10/la-banque-corrompt-la- …
veritasincaritate.blogspot.com/2010/…/dieu-avant-largent-la-dictature-des.html -
Joseph & Michel Ferraye pour Sa Justice: La banque corrompt la …
16 oct. 2008 … leur puissance financière aux Etats-Unis. Paul Warburg a été le premier … déclarés terroristes. Les gouvernements sont forcés de livrer des … Vincent Concessao, developed on the subject he had mentioned at the Synod …
ferraye.blogspot.com/…/la-banque-corrompt-la-majorit-des.html – En cache -
Joseph & Michel Ferraye pour Sa Justice: avril 2010
Dieu avant l’argent. La dictature des terroristes financiers. …. S.Exc. Mgr Vincent Michael CONCESSAO, Archevêque de Delhi (Inde). Archbishop Concessao …
ferraye.blogspot.com/2010_04_01_archive.html – En cache
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et vue à la lumière de la doctrine sociale de l’Église; une étude préparée par Alain Pilote à l’occasion de la semaine d’étude ayant suivi le Congrès des Pèlerins de saint Michel à Rougemont, du 5 au 11 septembre 2006. Ce livre est une nouvelle édition mise à jour en 2009 (avec de nouveaux chapitres et des questions à la fin de chaque chapitre) de la première édition publiée en 2008 et intitulée «Les propositions financières du Crédit Social expliquées en 10 leçons».
Cette idée du Crédit Social peut susciter de nombreuses questions parmi nos nouveaux lecteurs, et un seul article n’est certainement pas suffisant pour répondre à toutes ces questions, ou pour donner une bonne compréhension de tout le concept du Crédit Social. De plus, la plupart des gens n’ont tout simplement pas le temps de lire de longs livres sur le sujet. Alors, voici la solution: les propositions du Crédit Social expliquées en 10 leçons, chacune étant la suite logique de la précédente.
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Le chef-d’oeuvre de Louis Even
Tous ceux qui apprécient les écrits de Louis Even sur le Crédit Social se feront un devoir de se procurer ce livre, un chef-d’oeuvre de logique et de clarté. Pour les nouveaux lecteurs de Vers Demain, nous recommandons fortement la lecture de ce livre, qui donne d’une manière simple mais éclatante les meilleures explications possibles sur la nouvelle conception de l’économie qu’est le Crédit Social. La dernière mise à jour de l’édition imprimée date de juin 2008, qui contient une quinzaine de chapitres de plus que l’édition précédente de 1988.
312 pages, 14,5 cm x 21 cm, 15$ par la poste, de notre bureau de Rougemont
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  Du régime de dettes à la prospérité par J. Crate Larkin
C’est ce livre qui a fait découvrir à Louis Even le Crédit Social, et qui lui fit s’écrier: «Voilà une lumière sur mon chemin!» Ce livre a changé la vie de Louis Even; il pourrait changer la vôtre aussi! Ce livre de 112 pages met en valeur les buts et les fins de l’économie, de l’industrie et de la technologie. D’une actualité cuisante, c’est un oeuvre mémorable qu’il vous faut lire absolument. Prix au comptoir (à nos bureaux de Rougemont): 5 dollars. Par la poste: 7 dollars pour le Canada, 10 $ pour les autres pays.
 Pour télécharger la version PDF de ce livre, cliquez ici (ou sur la couverture du livre) (822 Ko) |
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On June 4, 1963, a virtually unknown Presidential decree, Executive Order 11110, was signed with the authority to basically strip the Federal Reserve Bank of its power to loan money to the United States Federal Government at interest. With the stroke of a pen, President Kennedy declared that the privately owned Federal Reserve Bank would soon be out of business. The Christian Law Fellowship has exhaustively researched this matter through the Federal Register and Library of Congress. We can now safely conclude that this Executive Order has never been repealed, amended, or superceded by any subsequent Executive Order. In simple terms, it is still valid. When President John Fitzgerald Kennedy – the author of Profiles in Courage -signed this Order, it returned to the federal government, specifically the Treasury Department, the Constitutional power to create and issue currency -money – without going through the privately owned Federal Reserve Bank. President Kennedy’s Executive Order 11110 [the full text is displayed further below] gave the Treasury Department the explicit authority: “to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in the Treasury.” This means that for every ounce of silver in the U.S. Treasury’s vault, the government could introduce new money into circulation based on the silver bullion physically held there. As a result, more than $4 billion in United States Notes were brought into circulation in $2 and $5 denominations. $10 and $20 United States Notes were never circulated but were being printed by the Treasury Department when Kennedy was assassinated. It appears obvious that President Kennedy knew the Federal Reserve Notes being used as the purported legal currency were contrary to the Constitution of the United States of America.
“United States Notes” were issued as an interest-free and debt-free currency backed by silver reserves in the U.S. Treasury. We compared a “Federal Reserve Note” issued from the private central bank of the United States (the Federal Reserve Bank a/k/a Federal Reserve System), with a “United States Note” from the U.S. Treasury issued by President Kennedy’s Executive Order. They almost look alike, except one says “Federal Reserve Note” on the top while the other says “United States Note”. Also, the Federal Reserve Note has a green seal and serial number while the United States Note has a red seal and serial number.
President Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963 and the United States Notes he had issued were immediately taken out of circulation. Federal Reserve Notes continued to serve as the legal currency of the nation. According to the United States Secret Service, 99% of all U.S. paper “currency” circulating in 1999 are Federal Reserve Notes.
Kennedy knew that if the silver-backed United States Notes were widely circulated, they would have eliminated the demand for Federal Reserve Notes. This is a very simple matter of economics. The USN was backed by silver and the FRN was not backed by anything of intrinsic value. Executive Order 11110 should have prevented the national debt from reaching its current level (virtually all of the nearly $9 trillion in federal debt has been created since 1963) if LBJ or any subsequent President were to enforce it. It would have almost immediately given the U.S. Government the ability to repay its debt without going to the private Federal Reserve Banks and being charged interest to create new “money”. Executive Order 11110 gave the U.S.A. the ability to, once again, create its own money backed by silver and realm value worth something.
Again, according to our own research, just five months after Kennedy was assassinated, no more of the Series 1958 “Silver Certificates” were issued either, and they were subsequently removed from circulation. Perhaps the assassination of JFK was a warning to all future presidents not to interfere with the private Federal Reserve’s control over the creation of money. It seems very apparent that President Kennedy challenged the “powers that exist behind U.S. and world finance”. With true patriotic courage, JFK boldly faced the two most successful vehicles that have ever been used to drive up debt:
1) war (Viet Nam); and,
2) the creation of money by a privately owned central bank. His efforts to have all U.S. troops out of Vietnam by 1965 combined with Executive Order 11110 would have destroyed the profits and control of the private Federal Reserve Bank.
Executive Order 11110 AMENDMENT OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10289 AS AMENDED, RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONS AFFECTING THE DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, it is ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Executive Order No. 10289 of September 19, 1951, as amended, is hereby further amended – (a) By adding at the end of paragraph 1 thereof the following subparagraph (j): “(j) The authority vested in the President by paragraph (b) of section 43 of the Act of May 12, 1933, as amended (31 U.S.C. 821 (b)), to issue silver certificates against any silver bullion, silver, or standard silver dollars in the Treasury not then held for redemption of any outstanding silver certificates, to prescribe the denominations of such silver certificates, and to coin standard silver dollars and subsidiary silver currency for their redemption,” and (b) By revoking subparagraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph 2 thereof. SECTION 2. The amendment made by this Order shall not affect any act done, or any right accruing or accrued or any suit or proceeding had or commenced in any civil or criminal cause prior to the date of this Order but all such liabilities shall continue and may be enforced as if said amendments had not been made.
JOHN F. KENNEDY THE WHITE HOUSE, June 4, 1963
Once again, Executive Order 11110 is still valid. According to Title 3, United States Code, Section 301 dated January 26, 1998:
Executive Order (EO) 10289 dated Sept. 17, 1951, 16 F.R. 9499, was as amended by:
EO 10583, dated December 18, 1954, 19 F.R. 8725;
EO 10882 dated July 18, 1960, 25 F.R. 6869;
EO 11110 dated June 4, 1963, 28 F.R. 5605;
EO 11825 dated December 31, 1974, 40 F.R. 1003;
EO 12608 dated September 9, 1987, 52 F.R. 34617
The 1974 and 1987 amendments, added after Kennedy’s 1963 amendment, did not change or alter any part of Kennedy’s EO 11110. A search of Clinton’s 1998 and 1999 EO’s and Presidential Directives has also shown no reference to any alterations, suspensions, or changes to EO 11110.
The Federal Reserve Bank, a.k.a Federal Reserve System, is a Private Corporation. Black’s Law Dictionary defines the “Federal Reserve System” as: “Network of twelve central banks to which most national banks belong and to which state chartered banks may belong. Membership rules require investment of stock and minimum reserves.” Privately-owned banks own the stock of the FED. This was explained in more detail in the case of Lewis v. United States, Federal Reporter, 2nd Series, Vol. 680, Pages 1239, 1241 (1982), where the court said: “Each Federal Reserve Bank is a separate corporation owned by commercial banks in its region. The stock-holding commercial banks elect two thirds of each Bank’s nine member board of directors”.
The Federal Reserve Banks are locally controlled by their member banks. Once again, according to Black’s Law Dictionary, we find that these privately owned banks actually issue money:
“Federal Reserve Act. Law which created Federal Reserve banks which act as agents in maintaining money reserves, issuing money in the form of bank notes, lending money to banks, and supervising banks. Administered by Federal Reserve Board (q.v.)”.
The privately owned Federal Reserve (FED) banks actually issue (create) the “money” we use. In 1964, the House Committee on Banking and Currency, Subcommittee on Domestic Finance, at the second session of the 88th Congress, put out a study entitled Money Facts which contains a good description of what the FED is: “The Federal Reserve is a total money-making machine. It can issue money or checks. And it never has a problem of making its checks good because it can obtain the $5 and $10 bills necessary to cover its check simply by asking the Treasury Department’s Bureau of Engraving to print them”.
Any one person or any closely knit group who has a lot of money has a lot of power. Now imagine a group of people who have the power to create money. Imagine the power these people would have. This is exactly what the privately owned FED is!
No man did more to expose the power of the FED than Louis T. McFadden, who was the Chairman of the House Banking Committee back in the 1930s. In describing the FED, he remarked in the Congressional Record, House pages 1295 and 1296 on June 10, 1932:
“Mr. Chairman, we have in this country one of the most corrupt institutions the world has ever known. I refer to the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal reserve banks. The Federal Reserve Board, a Government Board, has cheated the Government of the United States and he people of the United States out of enough money to pay the national debt. The depredations and the iniquities of the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal reserve banks acting together have cost this country enough money to pay the national debt several times over. This evil institution has impoverished and ruined the people of the United States; has bankrupted itself, and has practically bankrupted our Government. It has done this through the maladministration of that law by which the Federal Reserve Board, and through the corrupt practices of the moneyed vultures who control it”.
Some people think the Federal Reserve Banks are United States Government institutions. They are not Government institutions, departments, or agencies. They are private credit monopolies which prey upon the people of the United States for the benefit of themselves and their foreign customers. Those 12 private credit monopolies were deceitfully placed upon this country by bankers who came here from Europe and who repaid us for our hospitality by undermining our American institutions.
The FED basically works like this: The government granted its power to create money to the FED banks. They create money, then loan it back to the government charging interest. The government levies income taxes to pay the interest on the debt. On this point, it’s interesting to note that the Federal Reserve Act and the sixteenth amendment, which gave congress the power to collect income taxes, were both passed in 1913. The incredible power of the FED over the economy is universally admitted. Some people, especially in the banking and academic communities, even support it. On the other hand, there are those, such as President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, that have spoken out against it. His efforts were spoken about in Jim Marrs’ 1990 book Crossfire:”
Another overlooked aspect of Kennedy’s attempt to reform American society involves money. Kennedy apparently reasoned that by returning to the constitution, which states that only Congress shall coin and regulate money, the soaring national debt could be reduced by not paying interest to the bankers of the Federal Reserve System, who print paper money then loan it to the government at interest. He moved in this area on June 4, 1963, by signing Executive Order 11110 which called for the issuance of $4,292,893,815 in United States Notes through the U.S. Treasury rather than the traditional Federal Reserve System. That same day, Kennedy signed a bill changing the backing of one and two dollar bills from silver to gold, adding strength to the weakened U.S. currency.
Kennedy’s comptroller of the currency, James J. Saxon, had been at odds with the powerful Federal Reserve Board for some time, encouraging broader investment and lending powers for banks that were not part of the Federal Reserve system. Saxon also had decided that non-Reserve banks could underwrite state and local general obligation bonds, again weakening the dominant Federal Reserve banks”.
In a comment made to a Columbia University class on Nov. 12, 1963,
Ten days before his assassination, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy allegedly said:
“The high office of the President has been used to foment a plot to destroy the American’s freedom and before I leave office, I must inform the citizen of this plight.”
In this matter, John Fitzgerald Kennedy appears to be the subject of his own book… a true Profile of Courage.
This research report was compiled for Lawgiver. Org. by Anthony Wayne
What is the Federal Reserve Bank?
What is the Federal Reserve Bank (FED) and why do we have it?
by Greg Hobbs November 1, 1999
The FED is a central bank. Central banks are supposed to implement a country’s fiscal policies. They monitor commercial banks to ensure that they maintain sufficient assets, like cash, so as to remain solvent and stable. Central banks also do business, such as currency exchanges and gold transactions, with other central banks. In theory, a central bank should be good for a country, and they might be if it wasn’t for the fact that they are not owned or controlled by the government of the country they are serving. Private central banks, including our FED, operate not in the interest of the public good but for profit.
There have been three central banks in our nation’s history. The first two, while deceptive and fraudulent, pale in comparison to the scope and size of the fraud being perpetrated by our current FED. What they all have in common is an insidious practice known as “fractional banking.”
Fractional banking or fractional lending is the ability to create money from nothing, lend it to the government or someone else and charge interest to boot. The practice evolved before banks existed. Goldsmiths rented out space in their vaults to individuals and merchants for storage of their gold or silver. The goldsmiths gave these “depositors” a certificate that showed the amount of gold stored. These certificates were then used to conduct business.
In time the goldsmiths noticed that the gold in their vaults was rarely withdrawn. Small amounts would move in and out but the large majority never moved. Sensing a profit opportunity, the goldsmiths issued double receipts for the gold, in effect creating money (certificates) from nothing and then lending those certificates (creating debt) to depositors and charging them interest as well.
Since the certificates represented more gold than actually existed, the certificates were “fractionally” backed by gold. Eventually some of these vault operations were transformed into banks and the practice of fractional banking continued.
Keep that fractional banking concept in mind as we examine our first central bank, the First Bank of the United States (BUS). It was created, after bitter dissent in the Congress, in 1791 and chartered for 20 years. A scam not unlike the current FED, the BUS used its control of the currency to defraud the public and establish a legal form of usury.
This bank practiced fractional lending at a 10:1 rate, ten dollars of loans for each dollar they had on deposit. This misuse and abuse of their public charter continued for the entire 20 years of their existence. Public outrage over these abuses was such that the charter was not renewed and the bank ceased to exist in 1811.
The war of 1812 left the country in economic chaos, seen by bankers as another opportunity for easy profits. They influenced Congress to charter the second central bank, the Second Bank of the United States (SBUS), in 1816.
The SBUS was more expansive than the BUS. The SBUS sold franchises and literally doubled the number of banks in a short period of time. The country began to boom and move westward, which required money. Using fractional lending at the 10:1 rate, the central bank and their franchisees created the debt/money for the expansion.
Things boomed for a while, then the banks decided to shut off the debt/money, citing the need to control inflation. This action on the part of the SBUS caused bankruptcies and foreclosures. The banks then took control of the assets that were used as security against the loans.
Closely examine how the SBUS engineered this cycle of prosperity and depression. The central bank caused inflation by creating debt/money for loans and credit and making these funds readily available. The economy boomed. Then they used the inflation which they created as an excuse to shut off the loans/credit/money.
The resulting shortage of cash caused the economy to falter or slow dramatically and large numbers of business and personal bankruptcies resulted. The central bank then seized the assets used as security for the loans. The wealth created by the borrowers during the boom was then transferred to the central bank during the bust. And you always wondered how the big guys ended up with all the marbles.
Now, who do you think is responsible for all of the ups and downs in our economy over the last 85 years? Think about the depression of the late ’20s and all through the ’30s. The FED could have pumped lots of debt/money into the market to stimulate the economy and get the country back on track, but did they? No; in fact, they restricted the money supply quite severely. We all know the results that occurred from that action, don’t we?
Why would the FED do this? During that period asset values and stocks were at rock bottom prices. Who do you think was buying everything at 10 cents on the dollar? I believe that it is referred to as consolidating the wealth. How many times have they already done this in the last 85 years?
Do you think they will do it again?
Just as an aside at this point, look at today’s economy. Markets are declining. Why? Because the FED has been very liberal with its debt/credit/money. The market was hyper inflated. Who creates inflation? The FED. How does the FED deal with inflation? They restrict the debt/credit/money. What happens when they do that? The market collapses.
Several months back, after certain central banks said they would be selling large quantities of gold, the price of gold fell to a 25-year low of about $260 per ounce. The central banks then bought gold. After buying at the bottom, a group of 15 central banks announced that they would be restricting the amount of gold released into the market for the next five years. The price of gold went up $75.00 per ounce in just a few days. How many hundreds of billions of dollars did the central banks make with those two press releases?
Gold is generally considered to be a hedge against more severe economic conditions. Do you think that the private banking families that own the FED are buying or selling equities at this time? (Remember: buy low, sell high.) How much money do you think these FED owners have made since they restricted the money supply at the top of this last current cycle?
Alan Greenspan has said publicly on several occasions that he thinks the market is overvalued, or words to that effect. Just a hint that he will raise interest rates (restrict the money supply), and equity markets have a negative reaction. Governments and politicians do not rule central banks, central banks rule governments and politicians. President Andrew Jackson won the presidency in 1828 with the promise to end the national debt and eliminate the SBUS. During his second term President Jackson withdrew all government funds from the bank and on January 8, 1835, paid off the national debt. He is the only president in history to have this distinction. The charter of the SBUS expired in 1836.
Without a central bank to manipulate the supply of money, the United States experienced unprecedented growth for 60 or 70 years, and the resulting wealth was too much for bankers to endure. They had to get back into the game. So, in 1910 Senator Nelson Aldrich, then Chairman of the National Monetary Commission, in collusion with representatives of the European central banks, devised a plan to pressure and deceive Congress into enacting legislation that would covertly establish a private central bank.
This bank would assume control over the American economy by controlling the issuance of its money. After a huge public relations campaign, engineered by the foreign central banks, the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was slipped through Congress during the Christmas recess, with many members of the Congress absent. President Woodrow Wilson, pressured by his political and financial backers, signed it on December 23, 1913.
The act created the Federal Reserve System, a name carefully selected and designed to deceive. “Federal” would lead one to believe that this is a government organization. “Reserve” would lead one to believe that the currency is being backed by gold and silver. “System” was used in lieu of the word “bank” so that one would not conclude that a new central bank had been created.
In reality, the act created a private, for profit, central banking corporation owned by a cartel of private banks. Who owns the FED? The Rothschilds of London and Berlin; Lazard Brothers of Paris; Israel Moses Seif of Italy; Kuhn, Loeb and Warburg of Germany; and the Lehman Brothers, Goldman, Sachs and the Rockefeller families of New York.
Did you know that the FED is the only for-profit corporation in America that is exempt from both federal and state taxes? The FED takes in about one trillion dollars per year tax free! The banking families listed above get all that money.
Almost everyone thinks that the money they pay in taxes goes to the US Treasury to pay for the expenses of the government. Do you want to know where your tax dollars really go? If you look at the back of any check made payable to the IRS you will see that it has been endorsed as “Pay Any F.R.B. Branch or Gen. Depository for Credit U.S. Treas. This is in Payment of U.S. Oblig.” Yes, that’s right, every dime you pay in income taxes is given to those private banking families, commonly known as the FED, tax free.
Like many of you, I had some difficulty with the concept of creating money from nothing. You may have heard the term “monetizing the debt,” which is kind of the same thing. As an example, if the US Government wants to borrow $1 million ó the government does borrow every dollar it spends ó they go to the FED to borrow the money. The FED calls the Treasury and says print 10,000 Federal Reserve Notes (FRN) in units of one hundred dollars.
The Treasury charges the FED 2.3 cents for each note, for a total of $230 for the 10,000 FRNs. The FED then lends the $1 million to the government at face value plus interest. To add insult to injury, the government has to create a bond for $1 million as security for the loan. And the rich get richer. The above was just an example, because in reality the FED does not even print the money; it’s just a computer entry in their accounting system. To put this on a more personal level, let’s use another example.
Today’s banks are members of the Federal Reserve Banking System. This membership makes it legal for them to create money from nothing and lend it to you. Today’s banks, like the goldsmiths of old, realize that only a small fraction of the money deposited in their banks is ever actually withdrawn in the form of cash. Only about 4 percent of all the money that exists is in the form of currency. The rest of it is simply a computer entry.
Let’s say you’re approved to borrow $10,000 to do some home improvements. You know that the bank didn’t actually take $10,000 from its pile of cash and put it into your pile? They simply went to their computer and input an entry of $10,000 into your account. They created, from thin air, a debt which you have to secure with an asset and repay with interest. The bank is allowed to create and lend as much debt as they want as long as they do not exceed the 10:1 ratio imposed by the FED.
It sort of puts a new slant on how you view your friendly bank, doesn’t it? How about those loan committees that scrutinize you with a microscope before approving the loan they created from thin air. What a hoot! They make it complex for a reason. They don’t want you to understand what they are doing. People fear what they do not understand. You are easier to delude and control when you are ignorant and afraid.
Now to put the frosting on this cake. When was the income tax created? If you guessed 1913, the same year that the FED was created, you get a gold star. Coincidence? What are the odds? If you are going to use the FED to create debt, who is going to repay that debt? The income tax was created to complete the illusion that real money had been lent and therefore real money had to be repaid. And you thought Houdini was good.
So, what can be done? My father taught me that you should always stand up for what is right, even if you have to stand up alone.
If “We the People” don’t take some action now, there may come a time when “We the People” are no more. You should write a letter or send an email to each of your elected representatives. Many of our elected representatives do not understand the FED. Once informed they will not be able to plead ignorance and remain silent.
Article 1, Section 8 of the US Constitution specifically says that Congress is the only body that can “coin money and regulate the value thereof.” The US Constitution has never been amended to allow anyone other than Congress to coin and regulate currency.
Ask your representative, in light of that information, how it is possible for the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, and the Federal Reserve Bank that it created, to be constitutional. Ask them why this private banking cartel is allowed to reap trillions of dollars in profits without paying taxes. Insist on an answer.
Thomas Jefferson said, “If the America people ever allow private banks to control the issuance of their currencies, first by inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the people of all their prosperity until their children will wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered.”
Jefferson saw it coming 150 years ago. The question is, “Can you now see what is in store for us if we allow the FED to continue controlling our country?”
“The condition upon which God hath given liberty to man is eternal vigilance; which condition if he breaks, servitude is at once the consequence of his crime, and the punishment of his guilt.” John P. Curran Source: http://www.roc-grp.org/jfk.html
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